Paul John Clifford

Income Research & Management, Inc., dba Income Research + Management (IR+M), is a privately-owned, independent, fixed income investment management firm headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was co-founded by John A. Sommers and Jack A. Sommers in 1987. IR+M manages US fixed income portfolios for institutional and private clients, several US fixed income private investment funds, and collective investment trusts for qualified investors.

State Street Research & Management Company (SSR), with a history dating back to 1924, is one of the nation's first investment management organizations. The Boston-based firm is a subsidiary of MetLife (NYSE:MET), one of the world's largest financial services companies. The firm, together with its affiliate SSR Realty, actively manages stock, bond, balanced and real estate portfolios for both institutional and individual investors. SSR manages pension money for many of the largest U.S. corporate pension plans. SSR also manages money for public and union pension plans, foundations, endowments, and mutual funds.