Richard E. Bodzy

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

RiverSource Investments LLC, formerly American Express Financial Corp., is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota with offices in New York City, Maryland, Massachusetts and California. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). RiverSource Investments provides investment management services to the RiverSource Investments family of funds (formerly the American Express Funds). The firm also provides investment management services for institutional clients, alternative investments, insurance assets and a managed account program.

Morningstar Investment Management LLC is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm was founded in 1999 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Morningstar, Inc. (NASDAQ: MORN). Morningstar Investment Management offers various investment advisory services that focus on their core capabilities in asset allocation, investment selection, and portfolio construction to financial or other institutions.